Reframing Turnover Intention: Exploring the Influence of Career Identity, Career Success, and Social Support Through Work Engagement

Authors

  • Fransisca Eka Wulandari Universitas Trisakti
  • Justine Tanuwijaya Universitas Trisakti
  • Noerzanah Mat Noor Univesitas Teknologi MARA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30741/wiga.v16i1.1499

Keywords:

Career Identity, Career Success, Social Support, Work Engagement, Turnover Intention

Abstract

This study investigates the influence of career identity, career success, and social support on turnover intention, with work engagement serving as a mediating variable among PT employees. Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk in Jakarta. The study aims to analyze the direct and indirect relationships among these variables and to examine the mediating role of work engagement in reducing employees’ intention to leave the organization. The population consisted of all employees working at the head office, branch offices, and regional offices in Jakarta. Using stratified proportional sampling, 277 respondents were selected. The findings reveal that career identity, career success, and social support significantly enhance work engagement. In addition, work engagement has a significant negative effect on turnover intention and partially mediates the relationship between the independent variables and turnover intention. Theoretically, this study enriches the literature on turnover intention by integrating career-related and social contextual factors within a mediation framework. The study is limited to a single organization and geographic area. Future research should involve multiple organizations, diverse sectors, and longitudinal approaches to improve generalizability and causal inference.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Acoba, E. F. (2024). Social Support and Mental Health: The Mediating Role of Perceived Stress. Frontiers in Psychology, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1330720

Agarwal, R., Ramaswami, S., & Grimmer, M. (2021). The Impact of Work Engagement and Job Stress on Turnover Intention: A Study of Service Sector Employees. Journal of Business Research, 134, 142-155. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/j.jbusres.2021.07.035

Ali Abadi, S., Shokri, M., & Sadeghi, A. (2023). The Effect of Informal Learning on Career Identity and Work Engagement: The Mediating Role of Work Engagement. Journal of Career Development, 50(2), 123-138. https://doi.org/10.1177/08948453211000452

Ali, S., & Naeem, B. (2022). The Impact of Managerial Social Support on Work Engagement and Turnover Intention in the Banking Sector. Journal of Business Research, 145, 222-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.02.045

Ashforth, B. E., Kreiner, G. E., & Fugate, M. (2019). All in a day’s work: Boundaries and micro role transitions. Academy of Management Review, 44(2), 248-266. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2017.0135

Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Sanz-Vergel, A. I. (2020). Burnout and Work Engagement: The JD-R Approach. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior,7, 409-431. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032119-044946

Briscoe, J. P., & Hall, D. T. (2022). The Career Success of the 21st Century: Navigating Professional Growth and Work-Life Integration. Journal of Career Development, 49(3), 211-229. https://doi.org/10.1177/08948453221023412

Christian, M. S., Garza, A. S., & Slaughter, J. E. (2023). Work Engagement: A Review and Synthesis of the Literature. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 44(1), 51-73. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2590

De Cuyper, N., Kinnunen, U., & Nätti, J. (2019). Career identity and organizational outcomes: The moderating role of career orientations and work experience. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 40(3), 344-357. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2382

De Vos, A., & Soens, A. (2008). The role of career identity in career development: A review of theoretical and empirical research. Journal of Career Development, 35(3), 230-245. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845308317595

Ducharme, L. J., & Martin, J. (2020). Social support and organizational commitment: The role of colleagues and supervisors in employee retention. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(7), 707-723. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000487

Fauzia, N. K., & Marwansyah. (2020). Pengaruh Employee Engagement terhadap Turnover Intention Studi Kasus PT XYZ Bandung. Jurnal Riset Bisnis Dan Investasi, 6(1), 33-42. https://doi.org/10.35313/jrbi.v6i1.1873

Gao, Y., & Li, X. (2023). A Comprehensive Study of Turnover Intention in the Banking Sector: The Role of Career Identity, Career Success, and Work Engagement. Journal of Business Research, 138, 218-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.06.013

Greenhaus, J. H., & Allen, T. D. (2022). The Role of Work Flexibility and Work-Life Balance in Career Success.Journal of Career Development, 49(4), 295-310. https://doi.org/10.1177/08948453221081234

Guan, L., Zhao, Y., Wang, Y., & Liu, J. (2022). Career Identity and Turnover Intention: The Mediating Role of Job Embeddedness Among Teachers in China. Educational Studies, 48(4), 492-509. https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2021.2017332

Hakanen, J. J., Perhoniemi, R., & Toppinen-Tanner, S. (2020). Social Support at Work and Well-Being: The Role of Supportive Leadership and Coworkers. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 25(4), 395-405. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000225

Huang, X., Wang, X., & Shi, X. (2022). The impact of perceived social support on employee turnover intention: A dual-process model. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 43(4), 586-601. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2586

Jiang, L., Zhang, Y., & Wang, X. (2020). Career success, job attachment, and turnover intention: The role of external career opportunities. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 41(5), 459-475. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2446

Kanten, P., & Unutmaz, S. (2019). Work Engagement and Employee Turnover Intention: The Role of Job Resources. SAGE Open, 9(3), 215824401985572. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019855722

Kim, Y., & Park, S. (2020). Career success and organizational commitment: A study of the relationships. Journal of Career Development, 47(2), 128-142. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845319870227

Kim, Y., Lee, J., & Kim, S. (2021). The Impact of Career Success on Work Engagement: The role of Motivation and Perceived Achievement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 42(4), 543-556

Kong, F., & You, X. (2024). Social Support and Subjective Well-Being: The role of Self-Esteem and Perceived Discrimination in People with Disabilities. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1124-1135. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.000112

Kwahk, S. K., & Lee, J. Y. (2021). The Role of Work-Life Balance and Social Support in Influencing Turnover Intention: Evidence From the Service industry. Journal of Applied Psychology, 106(5), 836-849. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/j.jap.2021.03.002

Lee, Y., Kim, J., & Park, S. (2021). External career opportunities and employee retention: Exploring job offers and career advancement. Journal of Career Development,48(3), 210-224. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845320905610

Lent, R. W., Brown, S. D., & Hackett, G.(2020). Social Cognitive Career Theory and Career Development: An Overview of the Model and its Application. The Career Development Quarterly, 68(1), 32-47. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12193

Liu, Y., Wang, W., & Hu, H. (2020). The Role of Career Identity in Reducing Employee Turnover Intention. Journal of Career Development, 47(2), 179-192. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845319857152

Lopez-Cabarcos, M. A., López-Carballeira, A., & Ferro-Soto, C. (2021). Emotional Exhaustion and Work Attitudes in Public Healthcare. Baltic Journal of Management, 16(2), 231-247. https://doi.org/10.1108/BJM-02-2021-0050

May, D. R., Gilson, R. L., & Harter, L. M. (2024). The psychological conditions of meaningful work: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 45(3), 325-344. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2514

Meng, Z., Zhang, L., & Zan, H. (2023). Psychological Resilience and Work Engagement of Chinese Nurses: A chain mediating model of career identity and quality of work life. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1275511. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1275511

Meyer, J. P., & Gagné, M. (2020). Employee Engagement From a Self-Determination Theory Perspective: A Comprehensive Model of the Engagement Process. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 13(3), 345-367. https://doi.org/10.1017/iop.2020.54

Muchtadin, M. (2022). Hubungan antara Work Engagement dengan Turnover Intention pada Pekerja Generasi Milenial di Jabodetabek. Jurnal Psikologi Teori Dan Terapan, 13(3), 377–391. https://doi.org/10.26740/jptt.v13n3.p377-391

Ng, E. S., & Sorensen, K. L. (2021). The role of career identity in employee motivation and organizational loyalty. Journal of Applied Psychology, 106(2), 114-130. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000869

Parker, P., Jimmieson, N. L., & Christian, M. S. (2020). The Role of Career Identity in Predicting Turnover Intention Among Healthcare Workers. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 25(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000143

Rosenberg, M., Black, T., & Green, S. (2021). Career success in the modern workplace: A study of emerging trends. Journal of Career Development, 48(2), 133-150. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/j.jcd.2021.02.004

Saks, A. M. (2019). Job satisfaction and employee engagement: Antecedents and consequences. Journal of Applied Psychology, 104(4), 488-501. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000379

Saks, A. M. (2023). The Antecedents and Consequences of Work Engagement: A Meta-Analytic Review. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 44(2), 115-132. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2514

Santhanam, N., Kumar, J. R., Kumar, V., & Saha, R. (2021). Employee Turnover Intention in the Milieu of Human Resource Management Practices: Moderating Role of Work-Life Balance. International Journal of Business Innovation and Research, 24(1), 57-75. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBIR.2021.111979

Santos, A., Garcia, J., & Marinho, S. (2022). Career Success and Turnover Intention: The Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 107(1), 28-39. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000793

Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2020). Job Demands, Job Resources, and Their Relationship with Burnout and Engagement: A Multi-Sample Study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 41(5), 707-723. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2447

Shin, J., & Choi, H. (2022). Social Support and Psychological Well-Being in Younger and Older Adults: The Mediating Effects of Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1051968

Singh, P., Kumar, M., & Arora, A. (2021). Career success and employee retention: The role of work engagement and organizational commitment. Journal of Career Development, 48(4), 345-358. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845320958032

Talebzadeh, N., & Karatepe, O. M. (2020). Work Social Support, Work Engagement and Their Impacts on Multiple Performance Outcomes. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 69(6), 1227-1245. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-05-2018-0195

Taylor, S. E. (2023). Social support and stress management: The role of emotional and informational resources. Annual Review of Psychology, 74, 267-290. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120921-020849

Vigoda-Gadot, E., & Beeri, I. (2019). Career Success and Work Engagement: The Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Support. Journal of Business Research, 104, 405-416. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.010

Wang, C., Hu, H., Lan, Y., & Wu, X. (2022). Nurses’ Turnover Intention, Hope, and Career Identity: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction. BMC Nursing, 21(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-022-00821-5

Wang, Y., & Yang, J. (2023). Psychological Resilience and Work Engagement of Chinese Nurses: A Chain Mediating Model of Career Identity and Quality of Work Life. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, Article 1275511. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1275511

Wrzesniewski, A., McCauley, C., Rozin, P., & Schwartz, B. (2023). Making a Living or Making a Life: The Meaning of Career Success. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 44(2), 115-132. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2453

Zhang, M., Zhang, H., Huang, L., & Li, Y. (2022). Role of Patient Safety Attitudes Between Career Identity and Turnover Intentions of New Nurses in China: A cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 981597. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.981597

Zhao, J., & Lee, K. (2021). Social Support and Employee Turnover Intention: The Role of Work Engagement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 42(2), 275-289. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2463

Downloads

Published

2026-03-13

How to Cite

Wulandari, F. E., Tanuwijaya, J., & Noor, N. M. (2026). Reframing Turnover Intention: Exploring the Influence of Career Identity, Career Success, and Social Support Through Work Engagement. Wiga : Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Ekonomi, 16(1), 106–120. https://doi.org/10.30741/wiga.v16i1.1499

Issue

Section

Articles